CHIASM · Greeting (Murai) · vv.1–4
A v.1 · B v.2 · B′ v.3 · A′ v.4 — pairs A↔A′ (Jesus Christ), B↔B′ (the time)
A · v.1
Sender identity (interlinear)
神的仆人,耶稣基督的使徒保罗…
A′ · v.4
Recipient + blessing (interlinear)
给提多…恩惠平安从父神和救主…
B · v.2
B′ · v.3
Jesus Christ · A↔A′
The time · B↔B′
Mission · Elder qualifications · Opponents · vv.5–16
CHIASM (Murai 1:5–2:1): A 1:5–9 · B 1:10 · C 1:11 · B′ 1:12–14 · A′ 1:15–2:1
A · sound doctrine / elders (vv.5–9)
B · v.10 (interlinear): Εἰσὶν γὰρ πολλοὶ… ἀνυπότακτοι — grounds for silencing
C · v.11 silence center
B′ · wrong doctrine (vv.12–14)
A′ · purity / confession vs works (vv.15–16; continues to 2:1 outside range)
Sound doctrine A↔A′
Wrong doctrine B↔B′
RELATIVE · v.2
ἣν ἐπηγγείλατο ὁ ἀψευδὴς Θεὸς
πρὸ χρόνων αἰωνίων
无谎言的神在万古之先所应许的
which the unlying God promised before eternal times
aor mid ind 3sg · relative clause
DEVELOPMENT · v.3
ἐφανέρωσεν δὲ καιροῖς ἰδίοις
τὸν λόγον αὐτοῦ ἐν κηρύγματι
ὃ ἐπιστεύθην ἐγὼ κατ᾽ ἐπιταγὴν
τοῦ Σωτῆρος ἡμῶν Θεοῦ
却在所定的时候借传扬显明了他的道;我按救主神的命令受托
he manifested his word in preaching; I was entrusted
aor act ind 3sg · aor pass ind 1sg · δὲ development
CLAIM · v.5
Τούτου χάριν ἀπέλιπόν σε ἐν Κρήτῃ
为此缘故我把你留在革哩底
for this reason I left you in Crete
aor act ind 1sg · Τούτου χάριν
PURPOSE · v.5
ἵνα τὰ λείποντα ἐπιδιορθώσῃ
要把所缺的事都办整齐
in order that you might set right what remains
ἵνα + aor mid subj 2sg
PURPOSE · v.5
καὶ καταστήσῃς κατὰ πόλιν πρεσβυτέρους
ὡς ἐγώ σοι διεταξάμην
又照我所吩咐的在各城设立长老
and appoint elders city by city, as I directed you
aor act subj 2sg · ὡς comparison
CONDITION · v.6
εἴ τίς ἐστιν ἀνέγκλητος
μιᾶς γυναικὸς ἀνήρ τέκνα ἔχων πιστά
若有人无可指责、只作一个妇人的丈夫、儿女信主
if anyone is blameless, husband of one wife, having faithful children
εἰ + pres ind · ptc condition detail
GROUNDS · v.7–8
Δεῖ γὰρ τὸν ἐπίσκοπον ἀνέγκλητον εἶναι
ὡς Θεοῦ οἰκονόμον
μὴ αὐθάδη μὴ ὀργίλον μὴ πάροινον
μὴ πλήκτην μὴ αἰσχροκερδῆ
ἀλλὰ φιλόξενον φιλάγαθον σώφρονα
δίκαιον ὅσιον ἐγκρατῆ
因为监督既是神的管家,必须无可指责;不任性…却要好客、好善、庄重
for the overseer must be blameless as God's steward; not… but…
δεῖ + inf · γάρ grounds · ἀλλὰ contrast
MEANS · v.9
ἀντεχόμενον τοῦ κατὰ τὴν διδαχὴν
πιστοῦ λόγου
坚守那合乎教训的可靠的道
holding fast the faithful word according to the teaching
pres mid ptc · clinging to
PURPOSE · v.9
ἵνα δυνατὸς ᾖ καὶ παρακαλεῖν
ἐν τῇ διδασκαλίᾳ τῇ ὑγιαινούσῃ
好能用那纯正的教训劝化人
so that he may be able also to exhort in the healthy teaching
ἵνα + pres subj · ὑγιαίνω ptc
PURPOSE · v.9
καὶ τοὺς ἀντιλέγοντας ἐλέγχειν
又能把争辩的人驳倒
and to refute those who contradict
pres act inf · ἀντιλέγω ptc
DIRECTIVE · v.11
οὓς δεῖ ἐπιστομίζειν
这些人的口总要堵住
whom it is necessary to silence
δεῖ + pres act inf
GROUNDS · v.11
οἵτινες ὅλους οἴκους ἀνατρέπουσιν
διδάσκοντες ἃ μὴ δεῖ
他们败坏全家,教导不该教导的
who overturn whole households, teaching what must not
pres act ind 3pl · ptc means
EXAMPLE · v.12
Κρῆτες ἀεὶ ψεῦσται
κακὰ θηρία γαστέρες ἀργαί
革哩底人常说谎话,乃是恶兽,又馋又懒
Cretans always liars, evil beasts, lazy bellies
prophetic citation · nominal pred
DIRECTIVE · v.13
δι᾽ ἣν αἰτίαν ἔλεγχε αὐτοὺς ἀποτόμως
因此要严严地责备他们
for which cause rebuke them sharply
pres act impv 2sg
PURPOSE · v.13–14
ἵνα ὑγιαίνωσιν ἐν τῇ πίστει
μὴ προσέχοντες Ἰουδαϊκοῖς μύθοις
καὶ ἐντολαῖς ἀνθρώπων ἀποστρεφομένων
τὴν ἀλήθειαν
使他们在真道上纯全,不听犹太人的神话和离弃真理之人的诫命
that they be healthy in the faith, not attending to myths…
ἵνα + pres subj · ptc negative
CONTRAST · v.15
τοῖς δὲ μεμιαμμένοις καὶ ἀπίστοις
οὐδὲν καθαρόν
对污秽和不信的人,什么都不洁净
but to the defiled and unbelieving, nothing is pure
δὲ contrast · perf mp ptc
CONTRAST · v.15
ἀλλὰ μεμίανται αὐτῶν καὶ ὁ νοῦς
καὶ ἡ συνείδησις
反而他们的心思和天良都污秽了
but both their mind and conscience are defiled
ἀλλὰ · perf pass/mid ind 3sg
CLAIM · v.16
Θεὸν ὁμολογοῦσιν εἰδέναι
他们承认认识神
they confess to know God
pres act ind 3pl · perf act inf
CONTRAST · v.16
τοῖς δὲ ἔργοις ἀρνοῦνται
βδελυκτοὶ ὄντες καὶ ἀπειθεῖς
καὶ πρὸς πᾶν ἔργον ἀγαθὸν ἀδόκιμοι
却在行为上否认,本是可憎悖逆的,在各样善事上是可废弃的
but by works they deny; being abominable and disobedient…
δὲ contrast · pres mid ind 3pl · ptc
unmarked
ἵνα — purpose
καί — purpose+
εἰ — condition
γάρ — grounds
ἀλλὰ — contrast
ἵνα — purpose
καί — purpose+
γάρ — grounds
unmarked
example
ἵνα — purpose
δέ — contrast
ἀλλὰ — contrast
δέ — contrast
unmarked
Εἰσὶν γὰρ πολλοὶ καὶ ἀνυπότακτοι ματαιολόγοι καὶ φρεναπάται
Παῦλος δοῦλος Θεοῦ ἀπόστολος δὲ Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ
Τίτῳ γνησίῳ τέκνῳ
Χάρις καὶ εἰρήνη ἀπὸ Θεοῦ Πατρὸς
Interlinear · text verbatim from source database
1:1
Ἰησοῦ
N-GSM-P
Jesus/Joshua
耶稣
ἐπίγνωσιν
N-ASF
knowledge
知识
1:2
ἐπηγγείλατο
V-ADI-3S
to profess
应许的
ἀψευδὴς
A-NSM
not a liar
无谎言的
1:3
ἐφανέρωσεν
V-AAI-3S
to manifest
显明了.
καιροῖς
N-DPM
time/right time
日期
ἰδίοις
A-DPM
one's own/private
到了
αὐτοῦ
P-GSM
he/she/it/self
把他的
κηρύγματι
N-DSN
preaching
传扬
ἐπιστεύθην
V-API-1S
to trust (in)
交托了
1:4
πίστιν
N-ASF
faith/trust
信之道
Ἰησοῦ
N-GSM-P
Jesus/Joshua
耶稣
1:5
Τούτου
D-GSN
this/he/she/it
ἀπέλιπόν
V-2AAI-1S
to leave
我从前留
ἵνα
CONJ
in order that/to
是要
λείποντα
V-PAP-APN
to lack
没有办完的事
ἐπιδιορθώσῃ
V-AMS-2S
to straighten out
都办整齐了
καταστήσῃς
V-AAS-2S
to appoint/conduct
设立
πρεσβυτέρους
A-APM
elder
长老.
διεταξάμην
V-AMI-1S
to direct
所吩咐
1:6
ἀνέγκλητος
A-NSM
irreproachable
无可指责的
ἔχων
V-PAP-NSM
to have/be
也是
κατηγορίᾳ
N-DSF
accusation
告他们
ἀνυπότακτα
A-APN
insubordinate
不服约束的
1:7
ἀνέγκλητον
A-ASM
irreproachable
无可指责
ὀργίλον
A-ASM
quick-tempered
暴躁
αἰσχροκερδῆ
A-ASM
greedy
贪无义之财
1:8
φιλόξενον
A-ASM
hospitable
乐意接待远人
φιλάγαθον
A-ASM
lover of good
好善
σώφρονα
A-ASM
self-controlled
庄重
ἐγκρατῆ
A-ASM
self-controlled
自持.
1:9
ἀντεχόμενον
V-PNP-ASM
to cling to
坚守
παρακαλεῖν
V-PAN
to plead/comfort
劝化人.
διδασκαλίᾳ
N-DSF
teaching
教训
ὑγιαινούσῃ
V-PAP-DSF
be healthy
纯正
ἀντιλέγοντας
V-PAP-APM
to dispute
争辩的人
ἐλέγχειν
V-PAN
to rebuke
驳倒了
1:10
ἀνυπότακτοι
A-NPM
insubordinate
不服约束
ματαιολόγοι
A-NPM
babbler
说虚空话
φρεναπάται
N-NPM
deceiver
欺哄人.
περιτομῆς
N-GSF
circumcision
割礼的
1:11
ἐπιστομίζειν
V-PAN
to silence
堵住.
ἀνατρέπουσιν
V-PAI-3P
to overturn
败坏人的
διδάσκοντες
V-PAP-NPM
to teach
教导人
1:12
αὐτῶν
P-GPM
he/she/it/self
地
ἴδιος
A-NSM
one's own/private
本
αὐτῶν
P-GPM
he/she/it/self
有革哩底人
1:13
δι᾽
PREP
through/because of
所
ἔλεγχε
V-PAM-2S
to rebuke
责备
αὐτοὺς
P-APM
he/she/it/self
他们
ὑγιαίνωσιν
V-PAS-3P
be healthy
纯全无疵.
1:14
προσέχοντες
V-PAP-NPM
to watch out
听
Ἰουδαϊκοῖς
A-DPM-PG
Jewish
犹太人
ἐντολαῖς
N-DPF
commandment
诫命
ἀποστρεφομένων
V-PPP-GPM
to turn away
离弃
1:15
μεμιαμμένοις
V-RPP-DPM
to stain
污秽
ἀπίστοις
A-DPM
unbelieving
不信的人
μεμίανται
V-RPI-3S
to stain
污秽了
συνείδησις
N-NSF
conscience
天良
1:16
ὁμολογοῦσιν
V-PAI-3P
to confess/profess
他们说是
ἀρνοῦνται
V-PNI-3P
to deny
相背.
βδελυκτοὶ
A-NPM
abominable
可憎恶的
ἀπειθεῖς
A-NPM
disobedient
悖逆的
ἀδόκιμοι
A-NPM
failing
是可废弃的
claim / directive
grounds (γάρ)
purpose (ἵνα)
condition (εἰ)
contrast (δέ / ἀλλὰ)
example / citation
unmarked
chiasm bridge (Murai)
节点中文为基于原文的原文直译 (分析用),并非引用某一中文圣经译本的经文。 Original-language text and morphology: OpenGNT + Chinese Union Version interlinear mapping; syntax: MACULA CC BY 4.0 syntax treebank; CenterBLC N1904; chiasmus: Hajime Murai, Literary Structure of the Bible (CC BY 4.0); http://www.bible.literarystructure.info/ License: CC BY-SA 4.0. Syntax: MACULA N1904 treebank (CC BY 4.0); CenterBLC N1904. Chiasmus: Hajime Murai, Literary Structure of the Bible (CC BY 4.0); http://www.bible.literarystructure.info/. Attribution (verbatim): OpenGNT + Chinese Union Version interlinear mapping; syntax: MACULA CC BY 4.0 syntax treebank; CenterBLC N1904; chiasmus: Hajime Murai, Literary Structure of the Bible (CC BY 4.0); http://www.bible.literarystructure.info/
Text and Chinese glosses from the validated public corpus; morphology as provided.
Discourse relations are licensed by explicit markers (γάρ, ἵνα, εἰ, ἀλλὰ, δέ, καί, etc.) or dashed as unmarked .
No denominational framework. Syntax segmentation: MACULA N1904. Chiastic units: Hajime Murai (CC BY 4.0).
Attribution: OpenGNT + Chinese Union Version interlinear mapping; syntax: MACULA CC BY 4.0 syntax treebank; CenterBLC N1904; chiasmus: Hajime Murai, Literary Structure of the Bible (CC BY 4.0); http://www.bible.literarystructure.info/. License: CC BY-SA 4.0.
Clauses c1–c51 each appear once on structure nodes. Verses 1, 4, and 10 lack MACULA clause rows in this extract and appear in the greeting/opponent labels and full interlinear.
Generated by grok default via grok · 3m07s · 2026-07-13 UTC
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