Luke 15:11–24 · 路加福音 15:11–24

15:11–24 narrative sequence, directive speech, return, contrastive response, and stated grounds FRAME · v.11 Ἄνθρωπός τις εἶχεν δύο υἱούς opening possession frame εἶχεν: imperf act ind 3sg DIRECTIVE · v.12a Πάτερ δός μοι τὸ ἐπιβάλλον μέρος τῆς οὐσίας request with imperative imperative; dative recipient; genitive estate phrase καὶ — sequence RESPONSE · v.12b ὁ δὲ διεῖλεν αὐτοῖς τὸν βίον father divides the resources aor act ind 3sg δὲ — development DEPARTURE · v.13a Καὶ μετ᾽ οὐ πολλὰς ἡμέρας συναγαγὼν πάντα ὁ νεώτερος υἱὸς ἀπεδήμησεν εἰς χώραν μακράν temporal phrase plus aorist movement μετ᾽ + accusative: temporal frame; aor ptc before main verb WASTE · v.13b καὶ ἐκεῖ διεσκόρπισεν τὴν οὐσίαν αὐτοῦ ζῶν ἀσώτως added action in the distant place καὶ adds the second main action Καὶ — sequence καὶ — addition BACKGROUND · v.14a Δαπανήσαντος δὲ αὐτοῦ πάντα ἐγένετο λιμὸς ἰσχυρὰ genitive absolute plus famine clause aor ptc in genitive absolute; aor middle-deponent indicative RESULT · v.14b καὶ αὐτὸς ἤρξατο ὑστερεῖσθαι lack begins after depletion and famine inceptive verb plus present passive infinitive δὲ — development καὶ — result LOW POINT · vv.15–16 καὶ πορευθεὶς ἐκολλήθη ἑνὶ τῶν πολιτῶν τῆς χώρας καὶ ἐπεθύμει χορτασθῆναι ἐκ τῶν κερατίων ὧν joined to a local citizen; desire remains unmet aor passive indicative; imperfect active indicative SELF-TURN · v.17 Εἰς ἑαυτὸν δὲ ἐλθὼν ἔφη Πόσοι μίσθιοι τοῦ πατρός interior speech begins aor participle with finite speech verb καὶ — sequence δὲ — development RESOLVE · vv.18–19 ἀναστὰς πορεύσομαι πρὸς τὸν πατέρα μου καὶ ἐρῶ αὐτῷ Πάτερ οὐκέτι εἰμὶ ἄξιος κληθῆναι υἱός σου ποίησόν με ὡς future movement and rehearsed confession/request future middle indicative; present indicative; aor passive infinitive RETURN · v.20a Καὶ ἀναστὰς ἦλθεν πρὸς τὸν πατέρα ἑαυτοῦ ἔτι the planned movement is enacted aor participle plus aor active indicative δὲ — development καὶ — sequence CONFESSION · v.21 Πάτερ ἥμαρτον εἰς τὸν οὐρανὸν καὶ ἐνώπιόν σου οὐκέτι εἰμὶ ἄξιος κληθῆναι υἱός σου spoken confession and reduced-status statement aor active indicative; negated present indicative FATHER COMMANDS · vv.22–23 Ταχὺ ἐξενέγκατε στολὴν τὴν πρώτην καὶ ἐνδύσατε αὐτόν καὶ φέρετε τὸν μόσχον τὸν σιτευτόν θύσατε καὶ restoration commands plus celebration subjunctive imperatives; final subjunctive framed by shared action καὶ — sequence δὲ — contrast/development GROUNDS · v.24 οὗτος ὁ υἱός μου νεκρὸς ἦν καὶ ἀνέζησεν ἦν ἀπολωλὼς καὶ εὑρέθη two parallel predicates explain the celebration imperfect + aorist; perfect participle + aorist passive ὅτι — grounds καὶ — paired addition

Interlinear · text verbatim from source database

15:11
Εἶπεν
2aor act ind 3sg
to say
说
δέ
conj
but/and
耶稣
Ἄνθρωπός
noun nom sg masc
a human
人
τις
indef pron nom sg masc
one
一个
εἶχεν
imperf act ind 3sg
to have/be
有
δύο
adj acc pl masc
two
两个
υἱούς
noun acc pl masc
son
儿子
15:12
καὶ
conj
and
εἶπεν
2aor act ind 3sg
to say
说
ὁ
article nom sg masc
the/this/who
νεώτερος
adj nom sg masc comp
new
小儿子
αὐτῶν
pron gen pl masc
he/she/it/self
τῷ
article dat sg masc
the/this/who
对
πατρί
noun dat sg masc
father
父亲
Πάτερ
noun voc sg masc
father
父亲
δός
2aor act impv 2sg
to give
分给
μοι
pron dual
I/we
我
τὸ
article acc sg neut
the/this/who
请你把
ἐπιβάλλον
pres act ptc acc sg neut
to put on/seize
我应得的
μέρος
noun acc sg neut
part
τῆς
article gen sg fem
the/this/who
οὐσίας
noun gen sg fem
estate
家业
ὁ
article nom sg masc
the/this/who
δὲ
conj
but/and
就
διεῖλεν
2aor act ind 3sg
to distribute
分给
αὐτοῖς
pron dat pl masc
he/she/it/self
他们
τὸν
article acc sg masc
the/this/who
把
βίον
noun acc sg masc
life
产业
15:13
Καὶ
conj
and
就把
μετ᾽
prep
with/after
过了
οὐ
negative particle
no
不
πολλὰς
adj acc pl fem
much
多
ἡμέρας
noun acc pl fem
day
几日
συναγαγὼν
2aor act ptc nom sg masc
to assemble
都收拾起来
πάντα
adj acc pl neut
all
他一切所有的
ὁ
article nom sg masc
the/this/who
νεώτερος
adj nom sg masc comp
new
小
υἱὸς
noun nom sg masc
son
儿子
ἀπεδήμησεν
aor act ind 3sg
to go abroad
去了
εἰς
prep
toward
往
χώραν
noun acc sg fem
country
方
μακράν
adj acc sg fem
long/distant
远
καὶ
conj
and
ἐκεῖ
adv
there
在那里
διεσκόρπισεν
aor act ind 3sg
to scatter
浪费
τὴν
article acc sg fem
the/this/who
οὐσίαν
noun acc sg fem
estate
赀财
αὐτοῦ
pron gen sg masc
he/she/it/self
ζῶν
pres act ptc nom sg masc
to live
任意
ἀσώτως
adv
in debauchery
放荡
15:14
Δαπανήσαντος
aor act ptc gen sg masc
to spend
耗尽了
δὲ
conj
but/and
既
αὐτοῦ
pron gen sg masc
he/she/it/self
πάντα
adj acc pl neut
all
一切所有的
ἐγένετο
2aor mid dep ind 3sg
to be
遭
λιμὸς
noun nom sg fem
hunger
饥荒
ἰσχυρὰ
adj nom sg fem
strong
大
κατὰ
prep
according to
又遇着
τὴν
article acc sg fem
the/this/who
χώραν
noun acc sg fem
country
地方
ἐκείνην
dem pron acc sg fem
that
那
καὶ
conj
and
就
αὐτὸς
pron nom sg masc
he/she/it/self
ἤρξατο
aor mid dep ind 3sg
be first
起来
ὑστερεῖσθαι
pres pass inf
to lack
穷苦
15:15
καὶ
conj
and
于是
πορευθεὶς
aor pass dep ptc nom sg masc
to go
去
ἐκολλήθη
aor pass ind 3sg
to join
投靠
ἑνὶ
adj dat sg masc
one
一个
τῶν
article gen pl masc
the/this/who
的
πολιτῶν
noun gen pl masc
citizen
人
τῆς
article gen sg fem
the/this/who
χώρας
noun gen sg fem
country
地方
ἐκείνης
dem pron gen sg fem
that
那
καὶ
conj
and
那人
ἔπεμψεν
aor act ind 3sg
to send
打发
αὐτὸν
pron acc sg masc
he/she/it/self
他
εἰς
prep
toward
到
τοὺς
article acc pl masc
the/this/who
ἀγροὺς
noun acc pl masc
field
田
αὐτοῦ
pron gen sg masc
he/she/it/self
βόσκειν
pres act inf
to feed
去放
χοίρους
noun acc pl masc
pig
猪
15:16
καὶ
conj
and
ἐπεθύμει
imperf act ind 3sg
to long for
他恨不得
χορτασθῆναι
aor pass inf
to fill
充
ἐκ
prep
of/from
拿
τῶν
article gen pl neut
the/this/who
κερατίων
noun gen pl neut
husk
豆荚
ὧν
rel pron gen pl neut
which
所
ἤσθιον
imperf act ind 3pl
to eat
吃的
οἱ
article nom pl masc
the/this/who
χοῖροι
noun nom pl masc
pig
猪
καὶ
conj
and
也
οὐδεὶς
adj nom sg masc
no one
没有人
ἐδίδου
imperf act ind 3sg
to give
给
αὐτῷ
pron dat sg masc
he/she/it/self
他
15:17
Εἰς
prep
toward
过来
ἑαυτὸν
f
my/your/him-self
δὲ
conj
but/and
ἐλθὼν
2aor act ptc nom sg masc
to come/go
他醒悟
ἔφη
imperf act ind 3sg
to say
就说
Πόσοι
q nom pl masc
how much/many
有多少
μίσθιοι
adj nom pl masc
hired worker
雇工
τοῦ
article gen sg masc
the/this/who
的
πατρός
noun gen sg masc
father
父亲
μου
pron
I/we
我
περισσεύονται
pres mid ind 3pl
to abound/exceed
有余
ἄρτων
noun gen pl masc
bread
口粮
ἐγὼ
pron
I/we
我
δὲ
conj
but/and
倒
λιμῷ
noun dat sg fem
hunger
饿
ὧδε
adv
here
在这里
ἀπόλλυμαι
pres mid ind 1sg
to destroy
死么
15:18
ἀναστὰς
2aor act ptc nom sg masc
to arise
我要起来
πορεύσομαι
fut mid dep ind 1sg
to go
去
πρὸς
prep
to/with
到
τὸν
article acc sg masc
the/this/who
πατέρα
noun acc sg masc
father
父亲
μου
pron
I/we
我
καὶ
conj
and
ἐρῶ
fut act ind 1sg
to say
说
αὐτῷ
pron dat sg masc
he/she/it/self
向他
Πάτερ
noun voc sg masc
father
父亲
ἥμαρτον
2aor act ind 1sg
to sin
我得罪
εἰς
prep
toward
了
τὸν
article acc sg masc
the/this/who
οὐρανὸν
noun acc sg masc
heaven
天
καὶ
conj
and
又
ἐνώπιόν
prep
before
σου
pron
you
你
15:19
οὐκέτι
adv
not any more
我不
εἰμὶ
pres act ind 1sg
to be
从今以后
ἄξιος
adj nom sg masc
worthy
配
κληθῆναι
aor pass inf
to call
称为
υἱός
noun nom sg masc
son
儿子
σου
pron
you
你的
ποίησόν
aor act impv 2sg
to do/make
把
με
pron
I/we
我
ὡς
conj
which/how
当作
ἕνα
adj acc sg masc
one
一个
τῶν
article gen pl masc
the/this/who
μισθίων
adj gen pl masc
hired worker
雇工
σου
pron
you
15:20
Καὶ
conj
and
于是
ἀναστὰς
2aor act ptc nom sg masc
to arise
起来
ἦλθεν
2aor act ind 3sg
to come/go
去
πρὸς
prep
to/with
往
τὸν
article acc sg masc
the/this/who
πατέρα
noun acc sg masc
father
父亲
ἑαυτοῦ
f
my/your/him-self
他
ἔτι
adv
still
还
δὲ
conj
but/and
αὐτοῦ
pron gen sg masc
he/she/it/self
μακρὰν
adj acc sg fem
long/distant
远
ἀπέχοντος
pres act ptc gen sg masc
to have in full
相离
εἶδεν
2aor act ind 3sg
to know
看见
αὐτὸν
pron acc sg masc
he/she/it/self
他
ὁ
article nom sg masc
the/this/who
πατὴρ
noun nom sg masc
father
父亲
αὐτοῦ
pron gen sg masc
he/she/it/self
καὶ
conj
and
就
ἐσπλαγχνίσθη
aor pass dep ind 3sg
to pity
动了慈心
καὶ
conj
and
δραμὼν
2aor act ptc nom sg masc
to run
跑去
ἐπέπεσεν
2aor act ind 3sg
to fall/press upon
抱
ἐπὶ
prep
upon/to/against
着
τὸν
article acc sg masc
the/this/who
τράχηλον
noun acc sg masc
neck
颈项
αὐτοῦ
pron gen sg masc
he/she/it/self
他的
καὶ
conj
and
κατεφίλησεν
aor act ind 3sg
to kiss
亲嘴
αὐτόν
pron acc sg masc
he/she/it/self
与他
15:21
Εἶπεν
2aor act ind 3sg
to say
说
δὲ
conj
but/and
ὁ
article nom sg masc
the/this/who
υἱὸς
noun nom sg masc
son
儿子
αὐτῷ
pron dat sg masc
he/she/it/self
Πάτερ
noun voc sg masc
father
父亲
ἥμαρτον
2aor act ind 1sg
to sin
我得罪
εἰς
prep
toward
了
τὸν
article acc sg masc
the/this/who
οὐρανὸν
noun acc sg masc
heaven
天
καὶ
conj
and
又
ἐνώπιόν
prep
before
σου
pron
you
你
οὐκέτι
adv
not any more
我不
εἰμὶ
pres act ind 1sg
to be
从今以后
ἄξιος
adj nom sg masc
worthy
配
κληθῆναι
aor pass inf
to call
称为
υἱός
noun nom sg masc
son
儿子
σου
pron
you
你的
15:22
Εἶπεν
2aor act ind 3sg
to say
说
δὲ
conj
but/and
却
ὁ
article nom sg masc
the/this/who
πατὴρ
noun nom sg masc
father
父亲
πρὸς
prep
to/with
吩咐
τοὺς
article acc pl masc
the/this/who
δούλους
noun acc pl masc
slave
仆人
αὐτοῦ
pron gen sg masc
he/she/it/self
Ταχὺ
adj acc sg neut
quick
快
ἐξενέγκατε
aor act impv 2pl
to bring/carry out
拿出来
στολὴν
noun acc sg fem
robe
袍子
τὴν
article acc sg fem
the/this/who
把那
πρώτην
adj acc sg fem
first
上好的
καὶ
conj
and
ἐνδύσατε
aor act impv 2pl
to clothe
穿
αὐτόν
pron acc sg masc
he/she/it/self
给他
καὶ
conj
and
把
δότε
2aor act impv 2pl
to give
戴
δακτύλιον
noun acc sg masc
ring
戒指
εἰς
prep
toward
在
τὴν
article acc sg fem
the/this/who
χεῖρα
noun acc sg fem
hand
αὐτοῦ
pron gen sg masc
he/she/it/self
他
καὶ
conj
and
把
ὑποδήματα
noun acc pl neut
sandal
鞋
εἰς
prep
toward
穿在
τοὺς
article acc pl masc
the/this/who
他
πόδας
noun acc pl masc
foot
脚
15:23
καὶ
conj
and
φέρετε
pres act impv 2pl
to bear/lead
牵来
τὸν
article acc sg masc
the/this/who
μόσχον
noun acc sg masc
calf
牛犊
τὸν
article acc sg masc
the/this/who
把那
σιτευτόν
adj acc sg masc
fattened
肥
θύσατε
aor act impv 2pl
to sacrifice
宰了
καὶ
conj
and
φαγόντες
aor act ptc nom pl masc
to eat
吃喝
εὐφρανθῶμεν
aor pass subj 1pl
to celebrate
快乐
15:24
ὅτι
conj
that/since
因为
οὗτος
dem pron nom sg masc
this/he/she/it
这
ὁ
article nom sg masc
the/this/who
个
υἱός
noun nom sg masc
son
儿子
μου
pron
I/we
我
νεκρὸς
adj nom sg masc
dead
死
ἦν
imperf act ind 3sg
to be
是
καὶ
conj
and
而
ἀνέζησεν
aor act ind 3sg
to revive
复活
ἦν
imperf act ind 3sg
to be
ἀπολωλὼς
2perf act ptc nom sg masc
to destroy
失
καὶ
conj
and
而
εὑρέθη
aor pass ind 3sg
to find/meet
又得的
καὶ
conj
and
就
ἤρξαντο
aor mid dep ind 3pl
be first
起来
εὐφραίνεσθαι
pres pass inf
to celebrate
快乐
claim / narrative frame sequence or development (καὶ / δὲ) contrast or negated state result grounds (ὅτι) directive / imperative speech